i found myself exhausted today..

and i started asking myself WHY?

getting a bigger size and of course an additional weight on my body is one thing that comes first into my mind…yes, i was here on the training and all i have to do is eat, sleep, run, and eat and eat..

dont know if i really was studying. coz i have the grade i dont deserve. and i even failed on two subjects during the common module phase.

whew! im so embarassed about myself.

i dont really know if im in this training or im in vacation.

and i write this thing here because im so confuse.huh! i wish i can make it better now.im on the top 6 out of 11..waaaahhhh…so bad..how i wish i belonged to the first top 5 of the class.

i need to make it or else i feel i dont worth any penny..waaaahhh..please help me GOD…

The father is defined as the male parent of an offspring.^[1] The adjective “paternal” refers to father, parallel to “maternal” for mother. According to the anthropologist Maurice Godelier, the parental role assumed by human males is a critical difference between human society and that of humans’ closest biological relatives - chimpanzees and bonobos - who appear to be unaware of their “father” connection.^[2][3]

The father-child relationship is the defining factor of the fatherhood role.^[4][5] “Fathers who are able to develop into responsible parents are able to engender a number of significant benefits for themselves, their communities, and most importantly, their children.”^[6] Involved fathers offer developmentally specific provisions to their sons and daughters throughout the life cycle and are impacted themselves by their doing so.^[7] Active father figures have a key role to play in reducing behaviour problems in boys and psychological problems in young women.^[8] For example, children who experience significant father involvement tend to exhibit higher scores on assessments of cognitive development, enhanced social skills and fewer behavior problems.^[9][10][11] An increased amount of father-child involvement has also proven to increase a child’s social stability, educational achievement, and even their potential to have a solid marriage as an adult. The children are also more curious about the world around them and develop greater problem solving skills.^[12] Children who were raised without fathers perceive themselves to be less cognitively and physically competent than their peers from father-present families.^[13] Mothers raising children without fathers reported more severe disputes with their child. Sons raised without fathers showed more feminine but no less masculine characteristics of gender role behavior.^[14]

The father is often seen as an authority figure.^{[15][16][17][18]} According to Deleuze, the father authority exercises repression over sexual desire.^[19] A common observation among scholars is that the authority of the father and of the [political] leader are closely intertwined, that there is a symbolic identification between domestic authority and national political leadership.^[20] In this sense, links have been shown between the concepts of “patriarchal“, “paternalistic“, “cult of personality“, “fascist“, “totalitarian“, “imperial“.^[20] The fundamental common grounds between domestic and national authority, are the mechanisms of naming (exercise the authority in someone’s name) and identification.^[20] In a patriarchal society, authority typically uses such rhetoric of fatherhood and family to implement their rule and advocate its legitimacy.^[21]

In the Roman and aristocratic patriarchal family, “the husband and the father had a measure of political authority and served as intermediary between the household and the polity.”^[22][23] In Western culture patriarchy and authority have been synonymous.^[24] In the 19th century Europe, the idea was common, among both traditionalist and revolutionaries, that the authority of the domestic father should “be made omnipotent in the family so that it becomes less necessary in the state”.^[25][26][20] In the second part of that century, there was an extension of the authority of the husband over his wife and the authority of the father over his children, including “increased demands for absolute obedience of children to the father”.^[20] Europe saw the rise of “new ideological hegemony of the nuclear family form and a legal codification of patriarchy”, which was contemporary with the solid spread of the “nation-state model as political norm of order”.

i posted that definition here because i havent been with my father…i havent seen myself with my father during my younger years.. dont know if i seated at his lap while we’re on the jeepney….we have not sleep together with mother…i havent seen his smile when i got my diploma and awards at school…never heard my father to ask me how i felt when im down…never seen him near me…. i never know if he got me on his arms when i was still a baby… never knew if we’ve been in church together attending mass…

memories i havent had and might wont get it anymore coz he left me..those were the memories that i wish i had with my father and mother…he left me..yes he left me….yes, im always alone…no parents to guide…no one to cheer me up just myself…and i thought im used to it.. i wont cry anymore….i wont shed tears at all..but im only human-got feelings-got a heart-i am a very vulnerable individual….

after seeing him and my mother on my last years birthday, after getting a picture with my mother, after a short moment that day, after a heavy big lunch with them and got some talk over the table on that day, after a kiss i give him which he asked me to give to his face before we part our ways i never thought it would be the last time i would seen him alive. i never thought it would be the last time i could see him smile and make jokes on me….

my father was like me…a male tradition of me minus the height coz he stands 5′11 and i stands at 5′2 1/2.huh! i wish i got his height too but well im happy with what i am now… i got his face, his eyebrows, his lips, his eyes and the actuations… i got them all…and im really a copycat of my father…

well…today i want to remember my father as what the last time we met. i want to remember him smiling at me and making big eyes and funny faces on me… i want to remember how he saved money to buy a big teddy bear for me on my 27th birthday to ask me for forgiveness….

and im writing this blog because i know i have no rights to speak before your body on the church and i have to express what i felt.

I LOVE YOU VERY MUCH TATAY EDDIE… i love you more than you ever know how much i love you

huh!been here a week ago from cagayan de oro city and have been actually still adapting the life in tradoc. whew! havent got nothing else to do than study, run, take a bath, eat, sending laundry to laundrywoman, sleep and got a bunch of senior officers on the class. thats what i got here. we opened at 131000hJan at the OCS Messhall along with the CLOAC, BMAC, AGSNCOAC, AGSNCOBC, FSNCOBC and others. afterwhich we got orientation and a bunch of do’s and dont’s have been internalized on us.whoah!!!have i got any one of it?well, i dont know of much at least i take note some of it..hehehe i’ve passed the diagnostic pft and i hope to improve it for the next pft thats why i have to practice more or else i would suffer…used the GOU uniform and find out that i really gain weight and i havent eat rice for 2 days!!!huh! too hard to stay in shape…waaaaaaaahhh well, right now i have just connected to the wi-fi here and the very first thing to do that comes on my itching fingers is to write what is on my mind and im done! thanks for again for allowing my rusting mind to expressed here… i hope and i pray that everything will be fine here…need to prepare to wedding of course while im here.so i must double my time. i need to work for the thesis too and of course i wish to graduate this march and i must..huh..please guide me Lord Jesus! i can do this with your guidance…

got up early this morn to prepare for my trip to agusan but well my office mate wasnt located nowhere..i keep on calling and sending message until now but she doesnt give me a reply saying she have not travelled yet or she cant be here but theres no response.what the heck???arents she knows our agreement…im so mad.really really mad that i got too much work to do this time and yet she didnt seem disturb of the fact that im having too much to do in the field before getting myself in manila for my advance schooling…

i have let her spent her christmas and new year vacation with his husband just to be here on the 2nd of january but here i am still on the swivel  chair and writing here on my blog..what the fuck mind she has?arent she know i have my own things to do…i have so much to do..as in so much..but this crazy girl doesnt show any sign when is she coming back..what an asshole!

u know me, i can be left alone in any place doing my own thing but waiting for nothing makes me frown..hmp

huh!!!this is the last day of 2008….yes.we have never felt the year 2008 had passed and here we are now —preparing for the coming of 2009…

there are lots of things that happen to me this year and i have treasure all of them. wether its bad and good.those memories have been the way my life should be…i have to learn the ups and down of life or else i wont get mature…

life wasnt so easy like having  a scandalous - BALIK BARIL FUND, having a BEAST boss with a bitch witch as his other woman…its so ridiculous but i gotta have a tough mind to do what is better for me and for the whole army…getting no award in 2 golf tournament and shootfest—i have to be sporstminded this time after all this games was for me to play and experience how was it joining the tournaments…hehehe

this year was also a blessing for me-meeting my father and mother on my birthday, to be engage, to win the golf tournament as champion, getting a tv prize, a big wall clock and a blender for a prize…finished the 3 courses pistol training, the james bond training, to invest, to buy a new lot and got a driving course…awesome!

absolutely this year was really great and oh i wont regret that things have happened this way for me this 2008… i was so blessed and i was so thankful that GOD had given me the strength and the will to do the things i have to this year…

how i wish everything will be good for 2009 too…like - graduating on my MPA, advance course, getting promoted, and wedding? and a baby..hahaha…thats all i wanted for 2009..God give me the strength, the  will and the power to do this..thanks a lot for the year 2008!!!mwuahhh

do u wonder when u meet a beast and a bitch at the same time? what would u feel? how would u react? can u manage to mingle with them? huh!

i bet u wouldn’t.and that im surely would make ur head aches, adds another white hair and a line of wrinkle on ur face…isnt that bad? and mix it with the RHIP and u will want to say —-grrrrrrrr… well… thats what we felt right now with the boss we have. a beast and a bitch in ONE. yes! u have heard and read it right. big letters - ONE. i couldnt help stare and give them an eye coz they are here in the office… doing things that arent supposed to be done here..UNETHICAL, UNPROFESSIONAL, IMMORAL, and so u name it…i cant bear what they are doing on here…

first they wont call us when they were eating- even if we are starving- they wouldnt give a damn to give us a call to join them.so what i done is buy a snacks and dont give them a piece.

second is the old bitch witch is coming in the office without greeting us nor giving a ‘HI and keeps on coming in and out of the office.whew!seems she was one us in the office.and so when she came here without greeting us i always ask my officemates about the time and in a loud voice. on the second time she noticed that i always ask time when she was here–she stare at me and i look back at her…i look at her as if i want to tell her GET OUT UR NOT AUTHORIZE TO STAY HERE.hahaha!

third is that they both sleep in the office until from 1800H to 0430H in the boss room.huh!they got a new motel on our office ha!and take note—doesnt they know that this is an office not a MOTEL!!!where is their head?they are really out of their mind!damn those bitch and beast!

the fourth offense they have done is that the bitch witch change our format in reporting!whew!so unusual!she was degrading our office and yet our boss is fine with what she is doing!huh!my officemates even called her —the new CIVILIAN employee and deputa- yes she acts like more a wife but she was just a other woman of our beast boss..whew!this hell…really hell…

fifth is that our service vehicle was used by the damn old bitch as her vehicle and we as personnel of the office cant use it.well, do u think it is appropriate to do that…and so she got a word from me yesterday coz i really want her to know that she wasnt authorized to use any of the property of the office…i tell her that the driver was out and i have sent a ran errand for the activity.and voila!the boss came for her to catch up!he asked me about the driver and i said it too..i have no choice but to sent the driver coz everything were preoccupied with office works. afterall what i have done is in connection with the work and not for my personal needs.hmmp!they have got a angst words from me…

i was just observing everything….their moves, behavior, actuations —everything…and yet there are people who wants me to give them the benefit of the doubt.and being the junior i have to obey.

and i was about to laugh a loud yesterday when our new ADC happens to visit our office and yet she was here.she looks like a helpless mammal and before the visitor came she disappear..dont know where she was…hahaha…and she came back

yes, we keep our mouth shut from the start until now…but i couldn’t take it into my mind at all..i feel i would burst like a fire that  comes in the tip of my cal.45 and i cant say whats on my mind thats why i write here. afterall this is where my thoughts are. i was just confident that i can make this things out. but my crazy and beast boss is too much a whore.if only i have the rights to say what i want to i wuld have it..but i wasnt fit to do it. so i stay just where i am now.just dont give me a damn shit and i would never give them a chance on me..hmp!they would get what they are looking for. but im sure i wont let them spare some extra viand when they give me a damn shit they doing…

im sorry if u noticed that i have been talking bad things here but u must knew how exhausted we are here and im just speaking out the mind my office mates have too…even our deputy doesnt like him anymore so what should i do?

i hope i can do something for this..i hope i can make a difference.God will be my shelter and my strenght and i know it.

huh! havent u feel how it was to be in the enemys area?

the intensity that have been running through my veins get me weak and nervous and yet i have to compose my self to SURVIVE. yes u read it big. SURVIVE!

learning how to do the tricks like jerry does when tom run after him…hahaha.

im a survivor really..hehehe.. a great adventure in my part and i have again release some adrenaline!

i attended the taebo and roadrun today and one amazing moment was happened. i nver expected it but i see them.whew!

it was early dawn today when i see 5 falling stars when i happened to look up..and oh i was so happy to see it again ang giving up some blow minding memories i had back years.

just remember those times when all i’ve done is to stare at the sky at night to see the stars above and sometimes i do happened to eyecatched a falling star. the memories of being with the sky makes me smille much…although im not good at naming them…i do see some constellations forming up there…i do see them and makes me go to sleep afterwards. maybe starwatching makes my day good afterall, thus i find haven seing them.

i do remember too that i have a dream on fa lling star directly falls on me when i was in college…although that falling star make me shiver a bit because in my dream i was already dead but well im still here enjoying the life God has given me. i do knew it was my guiding star who goes inside me and guides me and now im here on where i am..thanks for this stars who were my guides.

wishing upon the falling stars have great things done on me. i have many wish that came true and im thankful for giving it to me my falling stars.hahaha.although those stars fall but still they keep on eye on me.thanks a lot for doing it to me…i felt i was so blessed with this…

A meteoroid is a large sand to boulder-sized particle of debris in the Solar system. The visible path of a meteoroid that enters the Earth’s (or another body’s) atmosphere is a meteor, commonly called a shooting star or falling star. Many meteors are part of a meteor shower.

The root word meteor comes from the Greek meteōros, meaning high in the air.

A meteoroid is a small sand to boulder-sized particle of debris in the Solar system. Larger than that, the object is an asteroid; smaller than that, it is interplanetary dust. The current official definition of a meteoroid from the International Astronomical Union is “A solid object moving in interplanetary space, of a size considerably smaller than an asteroid and considerably larger than an atom or molecule.” The Royal Astronomical Society has proposed a new definition where a meteroid is between 100 µm and 10 m across.
A meteor is the visible event that occurs when a meteoroid or asteroid enters the earth’s atmosphere and becomes brightly visible. For bodies with a size scale larger than the atmospheric mean free path (10 cm to several meters) the visibility is due to the heat produced by the ram pressure (not friction, as is commonly assumed) of atmospheric entry. Since the majority of meteors are from small sand-grain size meteoroid bodies, most visible signatures are caused by electron relaxation following the individual collisions between vaporized meteor atoms and atmospheric constituents. The meteor’s just what we see.

A fireball is a very bright meteor. The International Astronomical Union defines a fireball as “a meteor brighter than any of the planets” (magnitude -4 or greater). The International Meteor Organization (an amateur organization that studies meteors) has a more rigid definition. It defines a fireball as a meteor that would have a magnitude of -3 or brighter if seen at zenith. This definition corrects for the greater distance between an observer and a meteor near the horizon. For example, a meteor of magnitude -1 at 5 degrees above the horizon would be classified as a fireball because if the observer had been directly below the meteor it would have appeared as magnitude -6.

The word bolide comes from the Greek βολις, (bolis) which can mean a missile or to flash. The IAU has no official definition of bolide and generally considers the term synonymous with fireball. The term is more-often used among geologists than astronomers where it means a very large meterorite. For example, the USGS uses the term to mean a generic large crater forming projectile “to imply that we do not know the precise nature of the impacting body . . . whether it is a rocky or metallic asteroid, or an icy comet, for example”. Astronomers tend to use the term to mean an exceptionally bright fireball, particularly one that explodes (sometimes called a detonating fireball).

A meteorite is a meteoroid or asteroid that survives its entry into the atmosphere and strikes the ground. A meteorite striking the Earth or other object may produce an impact crater. Geologists use the term bolide to mean a very large meteorite (see above).

In the 20th century, two people were reportedly struck by meteorites. Both survived with minor injuries. In the 1990s an empty car was struck and heavily damaged by a meteorite. The car sold as a collector’s item for several tens of thousands of dollars. In all there are some dozen cases of meteorite falls documented to have hit people, property, or animals.

Molten terrestrial material “splashed” from a crater can cool and solidify into an object known as a tektite. These are often mistaken for meteorites.

Most meteoroids are destroyed when they enter the atmosphere. The left-over debris is called meteoric dust or just meteor dust. Meteor dust particles can persist in the atmosphere for up to several months. These particles might affect climate, both by scattering electromagnetic radiation and by catalyzing chemical reactions in the upper atmosphere.

Many meteoroids are formed by impacts between asteroids though many are also left in trails behind comets that form meteor showers and many members of those trails are eventually scattered into other orbits forming random meteors too. Other sources of meteors are known to have come from impacts on the Moon, or Mars as some meteorites from them have been identified.

Even very small meteoroids can damage spacecraft. The Hubble Space Telescope for example, has about 100 tiny craters and chipped areas.

i got a backpain today..after lifting 3 big pails last night…..and the day was so harsh putting my back into a bit more pain. i wish i dont have this vulnerability..huh!

i guess its the payback of my younger years..remembering the time when i used to play karatedo and im always on sparring line everyday and i havent notice it gives my body so much damage….

i wish i could bear this until summer comes…..

it make me frown all day

Spine Basics

Your spine is made up of 24 small bones (vertebrae) that are stacked on top of each other to create the spinal column. Between each vertebra is a soft, gel-like cushion called a disc that helps absorb pressure and keeps the bones from rubbing against each other. Each vertebra is held to the others by groups of ligaments. Ligaments connect bones to bones; tendons connect muscles to bones. There are also tendons that fasten muscles to the vertebrae. The spinal column also has real joints (just like the knee or elbow or any other joints) called facet joints. The facet joints link the vertebrae together and give them the flexibility to move against each other.

Each vertebra has a hole in the center, so when they stack on top of each other they form a hollow tube that holds and protects the entire spinal cord and its nerve roots. The spinal cord itself is a large collection of nerve tissue that carries messages from your brain to the rest of your body. In order for your body to function, you need your nerves. The spine branches off into thirty-one pairs of nerve roots. These roots exit the spine on both sides through spaces (neural foramina) between each vertebra.

The spine itself has three main segments: the cervical spine, the thoracic spine, and the lumber spine. The cervical is the upper part of the spine, made up of seven vertebrae (bones). The thoracic is the center portion of the spine, consisting of 12 vertebrae. The lower portion of the spine is called the lumbar spine. It is usually made up of five vertebrae, however, some people may have six lumbar vertebrae. Having six vertebrae does not seem to cause a problem. Below the lumbar spine is the sacrum. The sacrum is actually a group of specialized vertebrae that connects the spine to the pelvis. During development (those nine months before birth), these vertebrae grow together or fuse creating one large “specialized” vertebral bone that forms the base of your spine and center of your pelvis. The nerves that leave the spine in the sacral region control the bowel and bladder functions and give sensation (feeling) to the crotch area.

The normal spine has an “S”-like curve when looking at it from the side. This allows for an even distribution of weight. The “S” curve helps a healthy spine withstand all kinds of stress. The cervical spine curves slightly inward, the thoracic curves outward, and the lumbar curves inward. Even though the lower portion of your spine holds most of the body’s weight, each segment relies upon the strength of the others to function properly.

Components of the Spine:

Vertebrae
The individual bones of the spine are the vertebrae. These are the building blocks of the spinal column. The vertebrae protect and support the spinal cord. They also bear the majority of the weight put upon your spine. The body of each vertebra is the large, round portion of bone. The body of each vertebra is attached to a bony ring. When the vertebrae are stacked one on top of the other, this ring creates a hollow tube where the spinal cord passes through.
The bony ring attached to the vertebral body consists of several parts. First, the laminae extend from the body to cover the spinal canal, which is the hole in the center of the vertebrae. Second, the spinous process is the bony portion opposite the body of the vertebra. You feel this part if you run your hand down a person’s back. Then there are two transverse processes (little bony bumps), where the back muscles attach to the vertebrae. Finally, the pedicle is a bony projection that connects to both sides of the lamina.
The vertebra, like all bones, has an outer shell called cortical bone that is hard and strong. The inside is made of a soft, spongy type of bone that is called cancellous bone.

Intervertebral Disc
The intervertebral discs are flat, round “cushions” that act as shock absorbers between each vertebra in your spine. There is one disc between each vertebra. Each disc has a strong outer ring of fibers called the annulus, and a soft, jelly-like center called the nucleus pulposus.
The annulus is the disc’s outer layer and the strongest area of the disc. It also helps keep the disc’s center intact. The annulus is actually a strong ligament that connects each vertebra together.
The mushy nucleus of the disc serves as the main shock absorber. The nucleus is made up of tissue that is very moist because it has high water content. The water content helps the disc act like a shock absorber - somewhat like a waterbed mattress.

Facet Joint
The facets are the “bony knobs” that meet between each vertebra to form the facet joints that join your vertebrae together. There are two facet joints between each pair of vertebra, one on each side. They extend and overlap each other to form a joint between the neighboring vertebra facet joints. Without the facet joints, you would not have flexibility in your spine, and you could only move in very straight and stiff motions.
The facet joints are what are known as synovial joints. A synovial joint, such as the knee or elbow, is a structure that allows movement between two bones. In a synovial joint, the ends of the bones are covered with a material called articular cartilage. This material is a slick spongy material that allows the bones to glide against one another without much friction.
Surrounding the facet joint is a watertight sack made of soft tissue and ligaments. This sack creates what is called the “joint capsule”. The ligaments are soft tissue structures that hold the two sides of the facet joint together. The ligaments around the facet joint combine with the synovium to form the joint capsule that is filled with fluid (synovial fluid). This fluid lubricates the joint to decrease the friction, just like oil lubricates the moving parts of a machine.

Neural Foramen
The neural foramen is the opening between every two vertebrae where the nerve roots exit the spine. The nerve roots travel through the foramen to reach the rest of your body. There are two neural foramina between each pair of vertebrae - one on each side. Without the foramen, nerve signals could not travel to and from the brain to the rest of your body. Without nerve signals, your body would not be able to function.

Spinal Cord and Nerve Roots
The spinal cord is a column of millions of nerve fibers that run through your spinal canal. It extends from the brain to the area between the end of your first lumbar vertebra and top of your second lumbar vertebra. At the second lumbar vertebra, the spinal cord divides into several different groups of fibers that form the nerves that will go to the lower half of the body. For a small distance, the nerves actually travel through the spinal canal before exiting out the neural foramen. This collection of nerves is called the cauda equina while it is still inside the spinal canal.

A protective membrane called the dura mater covers the spinal cord. The dura mater forms a watertight sack around the spinal cord and the spinal nerves. Inside this sack, the spinal cord is surrounded by spinal fluid.

The nerve fibers in your spinal cord branch off to form pairs of nerve roots that travel through the small openings (foramina) between your vertebrae. The nerves in each area of the spinal cord connect to specific parts of your body. This is why damage to the spinal cord can cause paralysis in certain areas and not others — it depends on which spinal nerves are affected. The nerves of the cervical spine go to the upper chest and arms. The nerves in your thoracic spine go to your chest and abdomen. The nerves of the lumbar spine then reach to your legs, bowel, and bladder. These nerves coordinate and control all the body’s organs and parts, and let you control your muscles.

The nerves also carry electrical signals back to the brain that allow you to feel sensations. If your body is being hurt in some way, your nerves signal the brain that you have been hurt. Damage to the nerves themselves can cause pain, tingling, or numbness in the area where the nerve travels.

Paraspinal Muscles
The paraspinal muscles refer to the muscles next to the spine. They support the spine and are the motor for movement of the spine. Your joints allow flexibility and your muscles allow mobility. There are many small muscles in the back - each controlling some part of the total movement between all the vertebrae and the rest of the skeleton. These muscles can be injured directly, such as when you have a pulled muscle or muscle strain of the back muscles. The muscles can also cause problems indirectly, such as when the muscles are in spasm after injury to other parts of the spine.

Lumbar Spine
The lowest part of the spine is called the lumber spine. This area has five vertebrae. However, sometimes people are born with a sixth vertebra in the lumbar region. The base of your spine (sacrum) is a fusion of many bones, and when one of them forms as a vertebra rather than part of the sacrum, it is called a transitional (or sixth) vertebra. This occurrence is not dangerous and does not appear to have any serious side effects.
The lumbar spine’s shape has what is called a lordotic curve. The lordotic shape is like a backwards “C”. If you think of the spine as having an “S”-like shape, the lumbar region would be the bottom of the “S”. The vertebrae in the lumbar spine area are the largest of the entire spine, so the lumbar spinal canal is larger than in the cervical or thoracic parts of the spine. Because of its size, the lumbar spine has more space for the nerves to move about.

Low back pain is a very common complaint for a simple reason. Since the lumbar spine is connected to your pelvis, this is where most of your weight bearing and body movement takes place. Typically, this is where people tend to place too much pressure, such as: lifting up a heavy box, twisting to move a heavy load, or carrying a heavy object. Such repetitive injuries can lead to damage to the parts of the lumbar spine.

Thoracic Spine
The thoracic spine is made up of the middle 12 vertebra of the spine. These vertebrae connect to your ribs and form part of the back wall of the thorax (the ribcage area between the neck and the diaphragm). This part of the spine has very narrow, thin intervertebral discs, so there is much less movement allowed between vertebrae than in the lumbar or cervical parts of the spine. It also has less space in the spinal canal for the nerves. The thoracic spine’s curve is called kyphotic because of its shape, which is a regular “C”-shaped curve with the opening of the “C” in the front.

Cervical Spine
The cervical spine is made up of the first seven vertebrae in the spine. It starts just below the skull and ends just above the thoracic spine. The cervical spine has a lordotic curve (a backward “C”-shape) - just like the lumbar spine. The cervical spine is much more mobile than both of the other spinal regions - think about all the directions and angles you can turn your neck.

Unlike the rest of the spine, there are special openings in each vertebra in the cervical spine for the arteries (blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart), as well as the spinal canal that carries the spinal cord. The arteries that run through these openings bring blood to the brain.

Two vertebrae in the cervical spine, the atlas and the axis, differ from the other vertebrae because they are designed specifically for rotation. These two vertebrae are what allow your neck to rotate in so many directions, including looking to the side.
The atlas is the first cervical vertebra - the one that sits between the skull and the rest of spine. The atlas does not have a vertebral body, but does have a thick forward (anterior) arch and a thin back (posterior) arch, with two prominent sideways masses.

The atlas sits on top of the second cervical vertebra - the axis. The axis has a bony knob called the odontoid process that sticks up through the hole in the atlas. It is this special arrangement that allows the head to turn from side to side as far as it can. Special ligaments between these two vertebrae allow a great deal of rotation to occur between the two bones.